Since they assess the risk of cancer due to occupational exposure to solvents. Exposure to clastogenic agents increases the frequency of micronuclei therefore, micronuclei are indicators of genotoxic and cytotoxic effects , which may be seen as micronuclei or small extranuclear bodies within the cell. In this regard, the cytokinesis-block micronucleus assay (CBMN) is currently one of the most frequently used techniques to assess chromosomal breaks or losses resulting from exposure to genotoxic agents The effect of exposure to organic solvents can be evaluated using genotoxic effects and genetic susceptibility biomarkers. This situation led the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) to classify vehicle painting as a carcinogenic industrial process , and is associated with an increased risk of leukemia In particular benzene exhibits hemotoxic, immunotoxic, cytotoxic and genotoxic properties Therefore, organic solvents are considered as potent mutagens, clastogens, carcinogens and teratogens. When these lesions are not repaired, they can become fixed and give rise to mutations in somatic cells, which increases the risk of diseases such as cancer This process gives rise to toxic intermediates such as free radicals and reactive oxygen species Once inside the body, organic solvents undergo detoxifying metabolic reactions, through the activity of enzymatic families such as the cytochrome P450 family. Workers in car paint shops are exposed to complex mixtures of organic solvents which include chemicals such as xylene, methanol, toluene, benzene, methylene chloride, acetone, and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, among others They demonstrate the high degree of genotoxicity attributed to occupational exposure to organic solvents used in the preparation of car paints, through the micronucleus test, which is a test that expresses the accumulated DNA damage associated with said exposure In addition, we found that exposed workers who had CYP2E1 polymorphisms, specifically the c1c1 genotype, are more likely to have somatic cell mutations We report a high degree of genotoxicity attributed to the use of organic solvents in the car paint preparation process, based on significant differences that we found in the frequencies of micronucleated cells and nucleoplasmic bridges between exposed and non-exposed individuals. Most of the car paint shops in which these solvents are used belong to the informal sector of the economy and, despite the studies that have been carried out on this topic in various countries of the world, including Colombia, the relationship between CYP2E1 polymorphisms and the presence of micronucleus in car paint workers has not been examined, a relationship that could be used as a biomarker of genotoxic damage and a predictor of cancer riskĢ) What were the most relevant results of the study? In Colombia, occupational exposure to solvents constitutes a public health problem.
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